116 articles - From Saturday Apr 02 2022 to Friday Apr 08 2022
Guidelines, position statements, white papers, technical reviews, consensus statements, etc…
meta-analyses and systematic reviews
| J Neurogastroenterol Motil |
RCT, clinical trials, retrospective studies, etc…
| Aliment Pharmacol Ther |
Corticosteroid plus glycyrrhizin therapy for chronic drug- or herb-induced liver injury achieves biochemical and histological improvements: A randomised open-label trial. This study provides the first clinical evidence that corticosteroid plus glycyrrhizin therapy for chronic DILI with or without AIH-like features can achieve both biochemical response and histological improvements with good safety. (ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT02651350). |
| Am J Gastroenterol |
Current Applications of Telemedicine in Gastroenterology. There has been a progressive expansion in the use of telemedicine in the field of gastroenterology, which has been accelerated by the COVID-19 pandemic. In this review, we discuss telemedicine - its history, various forms, and limitations - and its current applications in gastroenterology. Specifically, we focus on telemedicine in gastroenterology practice in general as well as specific applications, including the management of inflammatory bowel disease, celiac disease, and colorectal cancer surveillance and its use as an aid in endoscopic procedures. |
Short Bowel Syndrome in Adults. Because patients with SBS constitute a heterogenous group, management is complex and multifaceted involving nutrition support, fluid and electrolyte management, and pharmacologic therapies in particular to control diarrhea. Surgical interventions including intestinal transplantation may be considered in selected individuals. Successful care of these patients is best accomplished by a multidisciplinary team that is experienced in the management of this syndrome. |
| Endoscopy |
Tube-in-tube endoscopic vacuum therapy for the closure of upper gastrointestinal fistulas, leaks, and perforations. Three patients (10 |
| Gastroenterology |
Effect of Helicobacter pylori Eradication on Gastric Cancer Prevention: Updated Report from a Randomized Controlled Trial with 26.5 Years of Follow-up. Eradication of H. pylori might confer a long-term protection against gastric cancer in high-risk populations, especially for infected individuals without precancerous gastric lesions at baseline. |
Endoscopic Screening Program for Control of Esophageal Adenocarcinoma in Varied Populations: A Comparative Cost-Effectiveness Analysis. The optimal strategy of screening differs by race and sex. White men with GERD symptoms can potentially be screened more intensely than currently recommended. Screening women is not cost-effective and may cause net harm for black women. |
| Gastrointest Endosc |
Disposable versus reusable gastroscope: a prospective randomized non-inferiority trial. Given the overall safety profile and similar technical performance, disposable gastroscopes represent an alternative to reusable gastroscopes for routine examination, bedside first aid and some certain circumstances. |
Gastroparesis peroral endoscopic myotomy outcomes after 4 years of follow-up in a large cohort of patients with refractory gastroparesis. G-POEM is an effective 4-year treatment in patients with RG, especially, in DG, posing a potential first-line therapy in these patients. However, randomized, controlled clinical trials are needed to confirm these results. |
Incidence of Sedation-Related Adverse Events during ERCP with Anesthesia Assistance: A Multicenter Observational Study. GA for ERCP was associated with less hypoxemia, while SWPI was associated with less hypotension. Neither approach was better on the combined incidence of hypotension and hypoxemia. |
| Gut |
Cigarette smoke promotes colorectal cancer through modulation of gut microbiota and related metabolites. The gut microbiota dysbiosis induced by cigarette smoke plays a protumourigenic role in CRC. The smoke-induced gut microbiota dysbiosis altered gut metabolites and impaired gut barrier function, which could activate oncogenic MAPK/ERK signalling in colonic epithelium. |
Decreased risk of treatment failure with vedolizumab and thiopurines combined compared with vedolizumab monotherapy in Crohn's disease. Using validated methodologies, combination therapy with vedolizumab and thiopurines was associated with lower treatment failure compared with vedolizumab monotherapy in CD but not UC across the USA and France. |
Interleukin-11 drives human and mouse alcohol-related liver disease. Pathogenic IL-11 signalling in hepatocytes plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of ALD and could serve as an independent prognostic factor for transplant-free survival. Blocking IL-11 signalling might be a therapeutic option in human ALD, particularly AH. |
NFATc1 signaling drives chronic ER stress responses to promote NAFLD progression. NFATc1 stimulates NAFLD progression through chronic ER stress sensing and subsequent activation of terminal UPR signalling in hepatocytes. Interfering with ER stress-responses, for example, by TUDCA, protects fatty livers from progression towards manifest NASH. |
Single-cell RNA sequencing reveals intrahepatic and peripheral immune characteristics related to disease phases in HBV-infected patients. Our study dissects the coordinated immune responses for different HBV infection phases and provides a rich resource for fully understanding immunopathogenesis and developing effective therapeutic strategies. |
Unfavourable intrauterine environment contributes to abnormal gut microbiome and metabolome in twins. Dysbiotic microbiota profiles and pronounced metabolic alterations are associated with selective FGR affected by adverse intrauterine environments, emphasising the possible effects of dysbiosis on long-term neurobehavioural development. |
| Hepatology |
An international survey on Patterns Of Practice in Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) and Expectations for Therapies - the POP-NEXT Project. This international survey revealed major deficiencies and delays in referral pathways, suboptimal screening for comorbidities or managing lifestyle modifications by SP and limited local availability for non-pharmacological interventions. Monitoring practices are not aligned with current guidelines. |
Are There Outcomes Differences Between Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) and Metabolic Associated Fatty Liver Disease (MAFLD)? MAFLD and NAFLD have similar clinical profiles and long-term outcomes. The increased liver-related mortality among NAFLD is driven by IR and among MAFLD is primarily driven by ALD. |
Occludin stalls HCV particle dynamics apart from hepatocyte tight junctions, promoting virion internalization. Although CLDN1 KO potently inhibits HCV infection, OCLN kept accumulating underneath the particle, indicating that OCLN recruitment is CLDN1-independent. Moreover, inhibition of the phosphorylation of Ezrin, a protein involved in HCV entry that links receptors to the actin cytoskeleton, increased OCLN accumulation and correlated with more efficient HCV internalization. Together, our data provide robust evidence that HCV particles interact with OCLN away from TJs and shed novel mechanistic insights regarding the manipulation of transmembrane receptor localization by extracellular virus particles. |
Src homology 3 domain binding kinase 1 protects against hepatic steatosis and insulin resistance through the Nur77- fibroblast growth factor 21 pathway. Collectively, our data suggest that SBK1 is a novel regulator of the metabolic adaption against obesity via the Nur77-FGF21 pathway. |
| Inflamm Bowel Dis |
Association of C-reactive Protein and Partial Mayo Score With Response to Tofacitinib Induction Therapy: Results From the Ulcerative Colitis Clinical Program. Patients who achieved clinical response at week 8 had larger decreases in CRP and PMS at week 4 than patients who did not. IndNR who achieved clinical response at week 16 with extended tofacitinib induction had a larger decrease in PMS at week 8 vs those who did not. ClinicalTrials.gov NCT00787202;NCT01465763;NCT01458951;NCT01470612. |
Divergent Adaptations in Autonomic Nerve Activity and Neuroimmune Signaling Associated With the Severity of Inflammation in Chronic Colitis. Sympathetic activity may correlate with an adaptive mechanism to reduce the severity of chronic colitis. The Winnie and Winnie-Prolapse mouse models of moderate and severe chronic colitis are well suited to examine the pathophysiology of progressive chronic intestinal inflammation. |
Gender-Based Differences in Response to Tumor Necrosis Factor Inhibitor Therapies for Ulcerative Colitis: Individual Participant Data Meta-Analyses of Clinical Trials. Men are less likely to achieve clinical remission, mucosal healing, and clinical response compared to women during induction treatment with TNFi for UC, but not during the maintenance phase. Future studies delineating the mechanisms underlying these observations would be informative. |
Is Salt at Fault? Dietary Salt Consumption and Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Much attention has focused on components of the Western diet, including the high fat content, lack of fiber, added sugars, and use of additives, such as carrageenan and other emulsifiers. Less attention has been paid to the impact of high salt intake, an integral component of ultra-processed foods, which has increased dramatically in the US diet over the past 50 years. We review a growing body of literature linking the rise in dietary salt intake with the epidemiology of IBD, increased consumption of salt as a component of ultra-processed foods, high salt intake and imbalances in immune homeostasis, the effects of a high-salt diet on other inflammatory disorders, salt's impact on animal colitis models, salt as an underrecognized component in diet modification-induced remission of IBD, and directions for future investigation. |
Prevalence, Pathogenesis and Management of Anemia in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: An IG-IBD Multicenter, Prospective, and Observational Study. In Italy, the prevalence of IBD-associated anemia is lower than previously reported. Anemia of IBD is most commonly due to iron deficiency and contributes to fatigue and poor quality of life, but remains untreated in a large proportion of patients with iron and/or vitamin deficiencies. This study is registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT02872376. |
| J Crohns Colitis |
Pain characteristics in patients with inflammatory bowel disease: A monocentric cross-sectional study. The prevalence of pain was high in IBD patients (˜75%) and higher in Crohn's patients. Significant impacts on quality of life were confirmed. More than 25% of patients with abdominal pain described CS responsible for more severe pain and worsened quality of life. |
Surgery Due to Inflammatory Bowel Disease During Pregnancy: Mothers and Offspring Outcomes From an Ecco Confer Multicentre Case Series (Scar Study). IBD surgery during pregnancy remains an extremely serious situation. Therefore, surgical management should be performed in a multidisciplinary team, involving gastroenterologists, colorectal surgeons, obstetricians and neonatal specialists. |
| J Hepatol |
A phase II, randomized, open-label, 52-week study of seladelpar in patients with primary biliary cholangitis. Seladelpar demonstrated robust, dose-dependent, clinically significant, and durable improvements in biochemical markers of cholestasis and inflammation in PBC patients at risk for disease progression. Seladelpar appeared safe and well tolerated with no increase in pruritus. |
Blocking CD47 promotes anti-tumor immunity through CD103+ dendritic cell-NK cell axis in murine hepatocellular carcinoma model. In addition to classical DC-T cell axis, CD47 blockade significantly enhanced the ability of tumor DNA uptake by CD103 + DCs resulting in the stimulation of the cGAS-STING pathway, which promoted the infiltration and activation of NK cells in liver cancer. |
Increased platelet aggregation in patients with decompensated cirrhosis indicates higher risk of further decompensation and death. Our study demonstrates: 1) that platelet aggregation in patients with cirrhosis is higher than in healthy individuals; 2) that platelet aggregation in patients with decompensated cirrhosis (i. e. those who have already experienced some complications of cirrhosis) is particularly elevated and associated with risk of cirrhosis progression towards further complications and death. |
Metformin treatment rescues CD8+ T cell response to immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy in mice with NAFLD. Our study discovered a critical regulation of CD8 + T cell metabolism in ICI therapy for liver cancer in the context of NASH, a finding with potential implications for treating liver cancer patients with NASH. |
Racial and ethnic disparities in rifaximin use and subspecialty referrals for patients with hepatic encephalopathy in the United States. In a national cohort of patients with HE, we observed stark racial and ethnic disparities in the use of rifaximin, an approved therapy for the improvement of HE-specific outcomes. Access to gastroenterologists and cost controls may reduce disparities. |
T cell exhaustion and residency dynamics inform clinical outcomes in hepatocellular carcinoma. Our data inform about a role of peripheral and intratumoral TEX - TRM dynamics in determining the outcomes of HCC patients. The dynamics between exhausted and liver-resident T cells have implications for immune-based diagnostics, rational patient selection and monitoring during HCC immunotherapies. |
| J Neurogastroenterol Motil |
Adverse Events Associated With Peroral Endoscopic Myotomy Affecting Extended Hospital Stay: A Multi-center Retrospective Study in South Korea. In conclusion, most gas-related minor AEs do not significantly affect the patient's clinical course. However, subcutaneous emphysema and minor non-gas related AEs such as pneumonia, pain, fever, and pleural effusion can prolong the hospital stay, therefore careful observation is required. Efforts will be made to reduce major AEs that significantly prolong hospitalization. |
Development of Dilated Esophagus, Sigmoid Esophagus, and Esophageal Diverticulum in Patients With Achalasia: Japan Achalasia Multicenter Study. The etiologies of dilated esophagus, sigmoid esophagus, and ED are considered multifactorial and different. Early diagnosis and optimal treatment of AEMDs are necessary to prevent these conditions. |
Effect of Drinking Warm Water on Esophageal Preparation Before Peroral Endoscopic Myotomy in Patients With Achalasia. Drinking warm water dramatically reduces esophageal food retention and significantly improves the quality of esophageal preparation. This simple protocol is quite useful, safe, and cost-effective in the preparation of achalasia patients for POEM. |
Esophageal Microbiota and Nutritional Intakes in Patients With Achalasia Before and After Peroral Endoscopic Myotomy. This study determined the unique esophageal microbial composition of patients with achalasia, and also found that the microbial composition did not significantly change after POEM in the short-term, despite a significant improvement in the nutritional intake. |
Hypnosis to Reduce Distress in Children Undergoing Anorectal Manometry: A Randomized Controlled Pilot Trial. A brief session of hypnosis for children before ARM is an easily incorporable intervention that lowers distress levels prior to the procedure and is positively perceived by children and parents. |
Self-reported Non-celiac Gluten Sensitivity in the Korean Population: Demographic and Clinical Characteristics. Our findings suggest that if there are gluten-related symptoms in irritable bowel syndrome, the possibility of accompanying non-celiac gluten sensitivity should be considered. |
Three-dimensional High-resolution Anorectal Manometry in Children With Non-retentive Fecal Incontinence. Our study demonstrated lower pressure parameters in children with NRFI. In patients with normal resting pressures, 3D-HRAM may reveal segments with decreased pressures, which may play a potential role in the pathomechanism of incontinence. |
Transanal Irrigation for Neurogenic Bowel Dysfunction in Multiple Sclerosis: A Retrospective Study. TAI is effective in NBD, especially in MS patients with initial Moderate NBD score. Improvement of voiding dysfunction following TAI confirms the pelvic organ cross-talk and the need to systematically consider and treat bowel dysfunction in MS to also improve urinary symptoms. |
Yokukansan Suppresses Gastric Hypersensitivity and Eosinophil-associated Microinflammation in Rats With Functional Dyspepsia. YKS treatment improved gastric hypersensitivity by alleviating eosinophil-associated micro-inflammation in the gastroduodenal tract. This treatment may be considered an effective therapeutic option for epigastric pain and micro-inflammation in patients with FD. |
| Neurogastroenterol Motil |
Colonic volume in patients with functional constipation or irritable bowel syndrome determined by magnetic resonance imaging. Patients with IBS-C have lower total colonic volumes and shorter colonic transit times than patients with FC. Future studies are needed to confirm that colonic volume allows objective distinction between the two conditions. |
Do we need an extra dimension? A pilot study on the use of three-dimensional anorectal manometry in children with functional constipation. In our patient sample, 3D-ARM was associated with more discomfort without providing more useful information and even resulted in an inconsistent visualization of the RAIR. |
Duodenal cholinergic tuft cell number is increased in functional dyspepsia. Cholinergic tuft cell density was higher in the duodenum of patients with FD and significantly correlated with eosinophil density. Further studies are needed to investigate the pathophysiological significance of tuft cells in FD and may provide valuable clues to the pathophysiology of FD. |
Plenty of the editorials are available as full text through the publisher website using the provided link
| Aliment Pharmacol Ther |
| Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol |
| Gastroenterology |
| Gastrointest Endosc |
| Hepatology |
| Inflamm Bowel Dis |
| J Neurogastroenterol Motil |
| Neurogastroenterol Motil |
The Clinical value of brain-gut behavioral therapies for functional esophageal disorders and symptoms. In this issue of Neurogastroenterology and Motility, Hurtte et al add to the literature on the effectiveness of BGBT in treating functional esophageal symptoms, showing multimodal therapy with pharmacologic and non-pharmacologic approaches led to improvement in health-related quality of life. In this review, we outline the mechanistic underpinnings of BGBT and review the existing evidence for BGBT for functional esophageal disorders and symptoms. We also highlight the future research directions and challenges for scaling these therapies. |
Letters to the editors and authors’ replies
| Aliment Pharmacol Ther |
| Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol |
| Gastroenterology |
| Hepatology |
| J Hepatol |
| J Neurogastroenterol Motil |
all remaining publications eg case reports, images of the month, etc…
| Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol |
| Endoscopy |
| Gastroenterology |
| Gastrointest Endosc |
| Gut |
| Inflamm Bowel Dis |